Pakistani Carpets

The art of weaving developed in the region comprising Pakistan at a time when few other civilizations employed it. Excavations at– ancient cities of the Indus Valley civilization – have established that the inhabitants used spindles and spun a wide variety of weaving materials. Some historians consider that the Indus Valley civilization first developed the use of woven textiles.

Carpet weaving may have been introduced into the area of present-day Pakistan as far back as the eleventh century with thbeginning of the Mughal Dynasty in the early sixteenth century, when the last successor of Timur, Babar, extended his rule from Kabul to India to found the Mughal Empire. Under the patronage of theadopted Persian techniques and designs. Carpets woven in the Punjab at that time (often called Lahore carpets today) made use of motifs and decorative styles found in Mughal architecture.Empire. Under the patronage of the Mughals, Indian craftsmen adopted Persian techniques and designs. Carpets woven in the Punjab at that time (often called Lahore carpets today) made use of motifs and decorative styles found in Mughal architecture.
During the Mughal period, the carpets made on the Indian subcontinent became so famous that demand for them spread abroad. These carpets had distinctive designs and boasted a high density of knots. Carpets made for the Mughal emperors, including Jahangir and Shah Jahan, were of the finest quality. Under Shah Jahan's reign, Mughal carpet weak on a newnd entered its classical phase.
At present, hand-knotted carpets are among Pakistan's leading export producanufacture is the second largest cottage and small industry. Pai craftsmen have the capacity to produce any type of carpet using all the popular motifs of gulls, medallions, paisleys, traceries, and geometric designs in various combinations.After the partition of British India, Muslims migrated in the Area called Pakistan and started manufacturing of carpet in , a small Tond immigrants. Sangla Hill is now a focal point in Carpet Industry in Pakistan. Almost all the exporters and manufacturers who are running their business at Lahore, Faisalabad and Karachi have their area offices in Sangla Hil

French Carpets

In 1608 Henry IV initiated the French productionTurkish style" carpets under the direction of Pierre DuPont. This production was soon moved toe fact just west of Paris. The earliest, well-known group produced by e, then under the direction of Simon Lourdet, are the carpets that were produced in the early years of Louis XIV's reign

They are densely ornamented with flowers, sometimes in vases or baskets, against dark blue or brown grounds in deep borders. The designs are based on Netherlandish and Flemish textiles and paintings. The most famous Savonnerie car the series made for the Grande Galerie and the Galerie d'Apollon in the Palais du Louvre between c. is XIV moved the court to Versailles in 1688. Their design combines rich acanthus leaves, architectural framing, and mythological scenes (inspired by Cesare Ripa's Iconologie) with emblems of Louis XIV's royal power.

Pierre- Perrot is the best-known of the mid-eighteenth-century carpet designers. His many surviving works and drawings display graceful rococo s-scrolls, central rosettes, shells, acanthus leaves, and floral swags. The Savonnerie manufactory was moved to the  in Paris in 1826.
The Beauvais manufactory, better known for their, also made knotted pile carpets from 1780 to 1792. Carpet production in small, privately owned workshops in the town of began in 1743. Carpets produced in France employ the symmetrical knot.

Wilton and Brussels carpets remain one of the highest grades and longest wearing of woven carpets. The revival of interest in these c to today's fashion for period interiors, and the continued efforts of museums and homeowners towardattern, coloring and design in historic interior design interpretation. The Stourvale Mill collection offers an unparalled selection of historic Wilton and Brussels designs of the late 18th, 19th and early 20th centuryMerchants he best selection at major ports, such as Philadelphia, New York and Boston, even after the domestic carpet industry developed in the second quarter of the 19th century. Carpets, made up in 27" widths and usuallyanged around the room and down the center. Each bale contains enough carpet to fit a modest size room wall-to-wall, which was the most common practice. A later view shows a turn-of-the-century showroom in Fall River, Massachusetts, where the carpet selection shown includes Wilton, Brussels and Axminster in the narrow 27" wide bales, and on the bottom level are Ingrain (Kidderminster) carpets, which were woven at a 36" width.

English Carpets

Knotted pile carpet weaving technology probably came to England in the early 16th century with Flemish Calvinists fleeing religious persecution.ese weavers settled in South-eastern England in Norwich the 14 extant 16th and 17th century carpets are sometimes referred to as "Norwich carpets." These works are either adaptatio-Persian designs or employ Elizabethan-Jacobean scrolling vines and blossoms. All but one are dated or bear a coat of arms. Like the French, English weavers used the symmetrical knot.

There are documeiving examples of carpets from three 18th-century manufactories: Exete, owned by Claude Passavant, 3 extant carpets), Moorfields (1ned by Thomas Moore, 5 extnd Axminster (1755–1835, owned by Thomas Whitty, numerous extant carpets). Exeter and Moorfields were both staffed with renegade weavers from the French Savonneriploy the weaving structure of that factory and Perrot-inspired designs. Neoclassical designer Robert Adam supplied designs for both Moorfields and Axminster carpets based on Roman floor mosaics and coffered ceilings. Some of the most well-known rugs of his design were made for Syon House, Osterley House, Harewood House, Saltram House.

The town  center of weaving for many centuries, and in the mid - late eighteenth century began to specialize in new forms of carpet weaving, rightfully coming to be called the carpet capital of Britain. The historic Stourvale Mill on Green Street was built in the early 1850's under the guidance of Henry Woodward, who had started his compa Wilton Company Ltd. remains the major weaver of Brussels and Wilton carpets, and is the only firm with a complete design archive extant that covers over 200 years in business and over 10,000 patterns. J.R. Burrows & Co. are the agents in the United States for historic designs from this archive, which is marketed as the "Stourvale Mill Collection."

WOVEN CARPETS

 As opposed to most antique rug manufactory practices, Chinese carpets were woven almost exclusively for internal consumption. China has a long history of exporting traditional goods; however, it was not until the first half of the 19th century that the Chinese began to export their rugs. Once in contact with western influences, there was a large change in production: Chinese manufactories began to produce art-deco rugs with commercial look and price point.

The centuries old Chinese textile industry is rich in history. While most antique carpets are classified according to a specific region or manufactory, scholars attribute the age of any specific Chinese rug to the ruling emperor of the time. The earliest surviving examples of the craft were produced during the time of Ch'ung Chen, the last emperor of the Chen Dynasty.

The carpet is produced on a loom quite similar to woven cloth. The pile can be plush or berber. Plush carpet is a cut pile and berber many colored yarns are used and this process is capable of producing intricate patterns from pre-determined designs (although some limitations apply to certain weaving methods with regard to accuracy of pattern wiet).[citation needed] These carpets are usually the most expensive due to the relatively slow speed of the manufacturing process.

The hand-knotted pile carpet probably originated in southern Central Asia between the 3rd and 2nd millennium BCE, although there is evidence of goats and sheep being sheared for wool and hair which was spun and woven as far back at 6000 BCE.

The earliest surviving pile carpet in the world is called the "Pazyryk Carpet", dating from the 5th-4th century BCE. It was excavated by Sergei Ivanovich Rudenko in 1949 from a Pazyryk burial mound where it had been preserved in ice in the valley of igin of this carpet is attributScythians or the Persian Achaemenids. This richly colored carpet is 200 x 183 cm (6'6" x 6'0") and framed by a border of griffins

The earliest group of surviving knotted pile carpets was produced under Seljuk rule in the first half of the 13th century on the Anatolian peninsula. tant works are often referred to as the Konya Carpets. The central field of these large carpets is a repeatrn. The borders are ornamented with a large-scale, stylized, angular calligraphy called Kufic, pseudo-Kufic, or Kufesque

MAIN CONCEPT OF CARPET

The term "Carpet" derives from Old Italian carpita, "carpire" meaning to pluck. The term "carpet" is used interchangem "rug." But, they are not the same thing. A carpet stretches from wall-to-wall while a rug does not. Though this is considerge and rugs have been considered in the past as of lower q size, with carpets quite often having finished ends. Only with the opening of trade routes in the 17th century were significant numbers of Persian rugs introduced to Western Europe. He also used for table and wall coverings, as carpets were not commonly used on the floor in European interiors until the 18th century.